Abstract: The performance of steel tubular scaffold with couplers is influenced by large amount of uncertain factors during the construction. Structural reliability theory permits these uncertainties to be quantified using probabilistic methods, and the safety of scaffold systems can be rationally assessed in terms of their limit-state probabilities. In recent years, more attention has been paid on the reliability research of steel tubular scaffold system by scholars all over the world, and several preliminary results have been obtained. In this paper, the research progress on the reliability research of steel tubular scaffold with couplers was summarized. The statistics of uncertainties were summarized in this paper, and the failure modes of scaffold and common calculation methods for reliability were given. Besides, the results of the reliability calculation and the reliability design for steel tubular scaffold systems were introduced. It was found that (1) the steel tubular scaffold with couplers is mainly affected by the uncertainties associated with material, geometric imperfection, erection and load. Among the four parameters, the load is the most influential factor, and the effects of material and diameter of steel pipe can be ignored; (2) the Monte Carlo simulation and the response surface method are generally used to calculate the reliability of steel tubular scaffold with couplers. The typical failure mode of scaffold is the overall buckling, and the semi-rigid joint stiffness need to be considered in related calculation; (3) Researchers are keep employing the reliability design of steel tubular scaffold with couplers. The target reliability index and the factors of limit state function are not clear yet. It is suggested that more effect factors need to be considered in future researches. The accuracy of the resistance and the load distributions should be observed, so the system reliability-based limit state design of steel tubular scaffold could be developed. In addition, the safety assessment and the next generation scaffold design need to be accomplished based on the results of the reliability research.